Amarna
Timeline
Non-scholarship
Moses stories
Sigmund Freud's theory:
Moses, having been an Aten
Priest, removed his monotheism
to the Jews.
However, the Aten cult loses a
public face 50 years before
RamessesII, popularly thought
the Pharaoh involved.
There are,
however, serious studies
concluding Moses was another
name for Akhenaten himself, in
fact.
Moses
Hypothesis:
The young Moses, whose mother
is Jewish blood, Queen Tiye,
is brother to the heir of
AmenhotepIII, Thutmoses, who
dies at an early age. Queen
Tiye's father was Yu, the Sef
(military advisor) and best
friend of AmenhotepIII. In
fact, Yu and his wife are rich
Hyksos aristocracy of the
Delta and are the financial
and political backers who
brought forth Amenhotep for
Pharaoh. The Pharaoh's second
son by their daughter Tiye,
Moses now inherits and becomes
AmenhotepIV. The Royal House,
and aristocracy generally, had
been flirting with the One God
notions of the Jews (Hyksos)
before the Hyksos were
defeated by Akmoses, first of
the 18th Dynasty.
[Manetho
lists two Exodus, 480,000 to
Jerusalem aligning with the
fall of the Hyksos capitol at
Avaris and 80,000 at the end
of the 18th Dynasty following
the confrontation with
Ramesses(1) after the death of
Horemheb] The Hyksos and all
their innovations were brought
into the house of Egypt
throughout the18th
Dynasty. They were not
slaves.
AmenhotepIV begins his career
pursuing the Aten, changing
his name to Akhenaten
and bringing his people to
Amarna.
Scenario One:
Becoming ever more involved,
he reverts to his early house
name, Moses sometime around
1334BCE blows off the whole
Egyptian Royal House and takes
his people to the Hyksos lands
in the Nile Isthmus. He is
absent from view, some 32
years, through the time of
Horemheb. He returns an old
man, with his Cobra Staff to
regain the throne from
Horemheb's assistant, Ramesses
(I), who inherited when the
childless Horemeb died.
Most likely
Scenario Two:
Akhenaten has no male heirs
with Nefertiti when his
younger brother and Co-Regent
Smenkhkare dies. Their line
finished, Ay and Horemheb form
a coup and expel Akhenaten who
flees north. Ay
is the political figure,
Horemheb, the General who
bides his time. Tut
(son of Younger Lady) and
Ankh-S-Amun are raised.
When Tut dies, his widow
is the only remaining
Royal who then entreats
the Hittites for marriage.
Horemheb murders her
Hittite suitor but Ankh-S-Amun
stalemates
by marrying 70 year old Ay
to retain the Royal House.
In four years, Horemheb
becomes Pharaoh and expunges
the Aten Cult from history.
On Horemheb's death, the old
Moses fails his last ditch
effort to regain the throne
from Horemheb's successor,
Ramesses (I) and leads his
people toward the Jordon
River.
The Egyptians called him
Akhenaten, the Jews, Moses.
Queen
Tiye - in youth
_______________________
Moses Hypothesis
Timeline
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| Amenhotep,
the Great Pharaoh. Reign: June
1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to
December 1351 BC/1350 BC. Coming
to power at 6 to 12 years of age,
died in regnal year 39. - 1349BC |
Tiye - born: 1398
BC, died: 1338 BC at 60 years
A woman of power, an outsider not
of Egyptian blood, daughter of Yu
the Sef Military adviser, whose
son inherits.
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| AmenhotepIII |
Queen
Tiye |
 |
Forensic examiners
demand that KV55, shown to be
Tutankhaten's father, is a 19 to
22 year old, and if true cannot be
Akhenaton.
If KV55 was young, it is probable
to be Smenkhkare; who is
understood to have been born in
AmenhotepIII 35 or 36 (1353 or
1351) and would make him 2 to 4
years old at the beginning of
Akhenaten's reign, and near 14
when Tutankhaten was born.
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If old, KV55 may be Akhenaten; who would
then seem to be Tutankhaten's father.
If KV55 and KV35YL, the Younger Lady, are
the parents of Tutankhaten, as DNA testing
shows, and KV55 is Smenkhkare, he would,
indeed, have been the young co-regent with
Akhenaten, Ankhkheperure-mery-Neferkheperure
(Ankhkheperure is the Royal name of
Akhenaten and Neferkheperure, the Royal
name of Smenkhkare) to then become Pharaoh
and husband to Merytaten before dying
around 1334 at 17 to 22 years old, leaving
his young son from elder sister, Kiya, the
younger Lady, in line.
Tutankhaten's mother, KV35YL would be
Smenkhkare's elder sister and has been
judged in her mid-twenties at death,
violently murdered in the midst of the
Amarna. Young Tutankhaten was let lived.
See
Younger Lady
below.
This would
have been at the time Smenkhkare was
associated with Merytaten.
If Smenkhkare is 19 to 22 in 1334, his
mother, Queen Tiye would have been in
her mid to late 40s at his birth.
The
Younger Lady
Stabbed in the side, she was rolled over
for a death blow to the face, by ax or
spear. DNA analysis shows the Younger Lady
is the daughter of AmenhotepIII and Tiye,
sister of Akhenaten and the mother of
Tutankhaten - the only boy. Being a royal
but second to the Queen, Nefertiti, who
failed finding an heir after six
daughters, it is conceivable the Younger
Lady may have colluded with Waset (Thebes)
in an unsuccessful attempt to save the
withering Amarna Royal House from its then
apparent disintegration. Such a crime may
be the only scenario that would make the
murder of Tutankhaten's mother plausible.
Tutankhaten lives regardless of paternity,
whether Akhenaten or Smenkhkare.
Smenkhkare goes with Merytaten and his
position expands into a Co-Regency with
Akhenaten.
Regardless of the motives for the Younger
Lady's death, Tutankhaten was the only boy
and heir apparent.
Aspects:
The Younger Lady is the sister of the
Pharaoh, an equal. Only high crime, or a
story of high crime that posed a danger to
the throne, could force such punishment.
From the wounds, we can see the murder
seems to have been a graphic and fluid
scene, not the result of a crimes trial
and execution. Therefore we can imagine an
active coup stopped in progress. A good
study might ask who were the actors in
Waset (Thebes) at this time and who may
have been go-betweens? Or who would have
been thought so, by the Younger lady?
It also may be true
that a conspiracy of the Younger Lady for
the throne could have been a "sting
operation" set up by Nefertiti or her
supporters. Obviously the Younger Lady was
a danger to their presently organized
Royal House, with its six daughters and
lack of an heir. The precipitation of a
coup could have any one of a very few
possible origins, the Younger Lady and her
immediate advisers, Waset or an
orchestration from Royal principals,
Nefertiti being one.
Nefertiti and the Royal House would retain
their position via expected heirs from
Merytaten and Smenkhkare.
We see the three Royals, Akhenaten,
Nefertiti and Merytaten in the midst of
unveiling a renewed House with incoming
Pharaohs, Merytaten and Smenkhkare but
where Kiya's son, Tutankhaten was still in
line. If the Smenkhkare/Merytaten union
were fruitless, Tut would inherit and Kiya
would instantly become Queen-Mother,
ending Amarna power. Such a scenario is
easily checked with the death of Kiya. It
may have come to a race between which side
would act first.
The pressing aspect for the Younger Lady
would become stopping her son's father,
Smenkhkare from having new heirs with
Merytaten; an effort which ended with her
life.
The above chronologies leaves me
comfortable concluding the Younger Lady
was murdered either for treason or simply
to retain the Royal House at Amarna.
Another
Important Aspect: The
Younger Lady is the daughter of Queen
Tiye, widow of the Great
King, AmenhotepIII. Tiye lived
with the actions of her children.
Was she presiding, or a witness?
If the Younger Lady was colluding
with Waset and the Amun
Priesthood, did Queen Tiye's
Hyksos religion sway? Certainly
she remained.
This lends a certain credence to
the notion that the Younger Lady's
plot may have been wholly genuine
and egregious, and not a "sting"
from within. An act the Royal
House certainly would have
anticipated and made ready.
Queen Tiye's choice would be
stark: The Aten and Akhenaten's
Royal House over the Amun and the
life of her daughter. Or should we
think she watched helplessly?
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Queen
Tiye
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| Kiya:
Younger Lady?
At the time the Younger Lady
disappears, the images of Kiya the
"Court Ornament" are replaced at
Amarna with images of Merytaten,
now set in relationship with
Smenkhkare, father of the Younger
Ladys' son, Tutankhaten. This
points to Kiya's concurrent
equality with Merytaten and then
also speaks for the possibility of
the "Younger Lady" being the
disgraced Kiya as her dates,
temple inscriptions and station,
their ages, the events and time
coincide. |
However, scholarship provides
speculative claims of Mitanni
origins for Kiya with no
definitive remains to show
parentage. The contemporary
exchange of images in the
Sunshade, in my view, proves
equality of station and kingship.
Therefore, The Younger Lady and
Kiya are one and the same. |
AmenhotepIV
(Akhenaten) shares power with
father, Amenhotep for 8 years,
then becomes Pharaoh in 1349. He
worships Aten and changed his name
to Akhenaten; builds and moves to
Amarna in his 5th regnal
year. Died: 1336 BC or 1334
BC
However, note Hypothesis
Timeline, at left.
Hymn to
Aten - tomb of Ay
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Nefertiti has six
daughters. Eldest is Merytaten,
the "Most Beloved", who in time
becomes Pharaoh.
New: They were still in power,
together in year 16.
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Akhenaten
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Nefertiti |
Merytaten,
Born 1348BC (Timeline One), year 1
of Akhenaten's reign. Married
Smenkhkare and claimed the
Co-regency, Ankhkheperure-mery-Neferkheperure
following Smenkhkare's death. See
Merytaten
She is of the Aten cult and her
time closes when Tutankhaten is
raised. 1332
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Smenkhkare
is KV55 and father of the only
royal male, Tutankhaten with the
Younger Lady (see above). He is
the young brother of Akhenaten and
brought into the Co-regency with
Akhenaten's eldest daughter,
Merytaten. Smenkhkare becomes
Pharaoh for but a year.
Merytaten may be seen as Princess,
Queen, Pharaoh and exceptional
mind who would have changed all
worlds.
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| Merytaten |
Smenkhkare |
The
Aten cult wanes.
9 year old, Tutankhaten Marries
his 13 year old sister.
Their names are changed in a
repudiation of the Aten Cult.
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Ankh-S-Amun marries
her brother and becomes Queen of
Egypt.
In 10 years, Tutankhamun dies and
Ankh-s-amun is swept into a lost
and tragic struggle against
over-powering forces.
Hymn to
Aten
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Tutankhamun
|
Ankh-s-amun |
See 
Suppiluliuma's
Egyptian Widow depends
on true dating
and defining death dates for (1)
Merytaten, (2) Tutankhamun and
most importantly: Suppiluliuma.
Dakhamunzu and the Zannanza
Affair depend on Suppiluliuma's
actual active years. Dates in
common sources cannot be
trusted, as most of these
writers are simply copying and
imagining. The Zannanza Affair
concerns the Egyptian Widow and
has centered on Nefertiti,
Merytaten or Ankh-s-amun.
Defining their dates against
those of Suppiluliuma is
crucial. Another dating system,
based on Moon-phases against
monument inscriptions, put with
new finds of Pharaonic
wine-bottling dates that create
a 14 year reign for Horemheb
need to be parsed out.
Regardless, I have come to the
decision that only one
possibility exists. Dakh - Amun
- Zu shows a woman of the Amun,
not of the vanquished Aten. -
Both Nefertiti and Merytaten are
public creatures of Aten, where
in both Hieroglyphs and lineage
fact, Ankh-s-amun can only be
the Pharaonic Queen in question.
Dakh (Ankh) Amun S (Zu) are the
characters of her name and
therefore can only be her name.
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